Protective effect on Leishmania major infection of migration inhibitory factor, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma administered orally via attenuated Salmonella typhimurium.

Protective Effect on Leishmania major Infection of Migration Inhibitory Factor, TNF-a, and IFN-g Administered Orally via Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium

Early cytokine response of gnotobiotic piglets to Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium.

Cytokine response against Salmonella Typhimurium is traditionally studied in conventional animals. Germ-free animals, however, enable to study response against infection without background effect of other microorganisms. Plasma and ileal inflammatory cytokines in germ-free piglets orally infected with virulent LT2 strain or, with a non-virulent SF1591 rough mutant were quantified by ELISA. In p...

Migration-inhibitory factor gene-deficient mice are susceptible to cutaneous Leishmania major infection.

To determine the role of endogenous migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) in the development of protective immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis, we analyzed the course of cutaneous Leishmania major infection in MIF gene-deficient mice (MIF(-/-)) and wild-type (MIF(+/+)) mice. Following cutaneous L. major infection, MIF(-/-) mice were susceptible to disease and developed significantly larger les...

In vivo compartmentalization of functionally distinct, rapidly responsive antigen-specific T-cell populations in DNA-immunized or Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-infected mice.

The location and functional properties of antigen-specific memory T-cell populations in lymphoid and nonlymphoid compartments following DNA immunization or infection with Salmonella were investigated. Epitope-specific CD8+ -T-cell expansion and retention during the memory phase were analyzed for DNA-immunized mice by use of a 5-h peptide restimulation assay. These data revealed that epitope-spe...

DNA-Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium primer-booster vaccination biases towards T helper 1 responses and enhances protection against Leishmania major infection in mice.

Successful resolution of infections by intracellular pathogens requires gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). DNA vaccines promote T helper 1 (Th1) responses by triggering interleukin-12 (IL-12) release by dendritic cells (DC) through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). In humans TLR9 is restricted to plasmacytoid DC. Here we show that DNA-Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium primer-booster vaccination, wh...